САЩ и чехословашките граници на Парижката мирна конференция 1919 г.
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.60053/GSU.IF.1.99.217-277Ключови думи :
дипломация, Първа световна война, Чехословакия, Парижка мирна конференция, Удроу Уилсън, национално самоопределение, Австро-УнгарияАбстракт
По време на Първата световна война САЩ подкрепят териториалната цялост на Хабсбургската империя и не предвиждат създаването на независими държави на нейно място поради страха от „балканизация“ на региона. В края на войната, когато става ясно, че Австро-Унгария не може да бъде отделена от Германия, американското правителство приема антихабсбургска политика и подкрепя националните стремежи на нейните поданици, по-специално на чехите и словаците. По време на Парижката мирна конференция американският президент Удроу Уилсън се опитва да реализира идеите си за следвоенна Централна Европа. При очертаването на границите на Чехословакия американската делегация се опитва да приложи принципа на националното самоопределение по отношение на националните малцинства, живеещи в нея. Тя се сблъсква с позицията на Франция, която основава политиката си на създаването на силни държави в Централна Европа. В резултат на това френската политика надделява и Чехословашката държава е създадена като многонационална.
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