Biodiversity of macromycetes in the vicinity of Chelopech town, Stara Planina Mts (2020-2021,2023). I. Species composition, ecotrophic groupsand conservationally important species

Abstract

The paper presents first results obtained on the biodiversity in terms of species composition and ecotrophic groups of macromycetes from Sredna Stara Planina Mts in the vicinity of Chelopech town. The studied area (20 km2) was visited in the late spring/ early summer periods of 2020 and 2023, as well as in late autumn/early winter periods of the years 2021 and 2023, covering 23 days. The field work was conducted in eight representative polygons of two main areas with application of transect method. Altogether 219 taxa, mostly Basidiomycota (208), were recorded with differences in their distribution in terms of area and seasons. The variation in these differences allows us to suppose the strong influence of local climate conditions on the results obtained. Regarding ecotrophic groups, most of the macromycetes were saprotrophs (147) which develop on different substrata, followed by mycorrhizal fungi (67) and very less, only five, were parasites. Among the recorded species, six were of conservational importance according to the Red List of Bulgarian macromycetes and contemporary Red Data Book of R Bulgaria. Comparison of the results obtained with updated list of Bulgarian macromycetes demonstrate the great biodiversity of the studied area, which comprises 83% of the biodiversity of macromycetes in Sredna Stara Planina Mts, 35% of their diversity in the entire Stara Planina Mts, 14% of the total macromycetous biodiversity of Bulgaria and is compatible, even exceeding, the fungal diversity in other mountains of the country. Six species were of conservational importance according to the Red Data Book of R Bulgaria (1) and Red List of Bulgarian macromycetes (6). The paper presents a new locality for the species Gomphidius roseus monitored in the Bulgarian National Biodiversity Monitoring System (part Monitoring of Fungi) and currently obtained data indicate the favourable trends of its development in the country.

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