Aquatic zoosoric parasites and their hosts in Bulgaria

an overview of studies

Abstract

The overview presents historic data on studies of aquatic zoosporic parasites in Bulgaria, their spread and hosts with a special focus on new genera, species and varieties described from the country. Conditionally, in this review carnivorous fungi are also discussed due to the opinion of some authors about their dual, predacious and parasitic mode of life. The review is based on 45 publications issued in the period 1912-2023 and provides data on 35 taxa from the phyla Chytridiomycota (23), Entomophtoromycota (1), Zoopagomycota (1), Oomycota (9) and Plasmodiophoromycota (1). They were found on hosts belonging to the groups of Algae (at least 16 species from Cyanoprokaryota, Ochrophyta, Chlorophyta and Streptophyta), Pseudofungi, Plants (pollen) and Invertebrates (Rotatoria). Most data were obtained from field freshwater samples collected in the towns Sofia and Plovdiv and their vicinities, in glacial lakes and peat bogs of Pirin Mt, while less data concern some peat bogs of Vitosha Mt, peat bogs and a swamp on Rila Mt, lakes in Rodopi Mts, swamps in the vicinity of Sofia, a swamp on Lyulin Mt,  swamp in the vicinity of the town Chirpan, an unidentified swamp near to the River Danube, fishponds near the town Plovdiv and a microreservoir on Vitosha Mt near the town Pernik. A single species was identified from mass algal cultures and waste waters. Four new genera, eleven species and one variety were described from the country by Bulgarian professors S. Konsuloꜰꜰ, N. Arnaudow and A. Valkanov. For three designated species we outline the nomen nudum status, the diagnosis of a monotypic genus Hydatinophagus is translated in English and some considerations on currently proposed taxonomical changes are provided. The necessity of future studies broadened in terms of regions, altitudes, habitats, localities and hosts in order to reveal the real biodiversity and spread of aquatic zoosporic parasites in Bulgaria, has been outlined.

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