Международната правосубектност на Европейския съюз

Абстракт

След ревизията, направена с Договора от Лисабон, влязъл в сила през 2009 г., Европейският съюз замества Европейската общност и става неин правоприемник, а чл. 47 ДЕС изрично му предоставя правосубектност. В този смисъл проблемът за единната и договорно закрепена правосубектност на Европейския съюз е решен преди 10 години, но това не намалява актуалността на темата за правосубектността по международното публично право. В настоящата студия се търси теоретично обобщение на проблема за международната правосубектност на международните организации, не само защото тя има своите особености, а и поради нагласата Европейският съюз да се разглежда като структура, която по някои показатели е подобна на международна организация. Чрез анализ на правосубектността на Съюза на фона на това качество на международните организации се потвърждава възгледът, че международноправното положение на ЕС е именно между държавата и класическата международна организация. Общоизвестно е, че Европейският съюз е sui generis формация. Тази негова характеристика се проявява и в начина, по който се решава проблемът за международната му правосубектност. Използваната в студията методология разчита основно на обобщаване и анализ на различните мнения в специализираната научна литература. По такъв начин се демонстрира мащабът на дебата в доктрината относно правосубектността на Европейския съюз и се проследява еволюцията ѝ.

Библиография:

Видин, Благой. Международно публично право. Обща част. София: Софи-Р, 1999. 320 с.

Жаке, Жан Пол. Институционно право на Европейския съюз. София: Унив. изд. Св. Кл. Охридски, 2007. 624 с.

Bogdadndy, Armin von. The Legal Case for Unity: The European Union as a Single Organization with a Single Legal System. Common Market Law Review, 36 – II, 1999, 887–910.

Bogdadndy, Armin von, Nettesheim, Martin. Ex Pluribus Unum: The Fusion of the European Communities into the European Union. European Law Journal, 1996, 2, No 3, 267–289.

Brownlie, Ian. Principles of Public International Law. 7th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

Curtin, D. M. The Constitutional Structure of the Union: A Europe of Bits and Pieces. Common Market Law Review, 1993, 17–69.

Daillier, Patrick et al. Droit international public. 7th ed.. Paris: L. G. D. J., 2002.

Dumitriu, Eugenia. La personnalité juridique internationale de l’Union européenne. Dans: La souveraineté au XXIe siècle. (Ed. par Balmelli, Tiziano, Borghi, Alvaro, Hildbrand, Pierre-Antoine). Editions interuniversitaires Suisse, 2003, 259–284.

Eaton, M. R. Common Foreign and Security Policy. In: Legal Issues of the Maastricht Treaty. (Ed. by O’Keeffe, D. and Twomey, P.). London: Wiley Chancery Law, 1994, 215–226.

Eeckhout, Piet. External Relations of the European Union. Legal and Constitutional Foundations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Everling, U. Refl ections on the Structure of the European Union. Common Market Law Review, 1992, 1053–1077.

Gaja, Giorgio (Special Rapporteur). Eighth Report on Responsibility of International Organizations. UN Doc. A/CN.4/640, 14.03.2011. Available from: http://legal.un.org/docs/?path=../ilc/documentation/english/a_cn4_640.pdf&lang=ESX

Gautron, Jean-Claude. L’Union europeenne et le concept d’organisation internationale. Dans: L’Union europeenne et les organisations internationales. Bruxelles: Bruylant, 1997.

Greig, Donald W. International Law. 2nd ed. London: Butterworths, 1976.

Hardy De Beaulieu, Louis. L’Union européenne à l’étude de l’ordre juridique et des institutions communautaires. Belgique: Presses Universitaires de Namur, 1998.

Herrmann, Christoph W. Much Ado About Pluto? The ‘Unity of the Legal Order of the European Union’ Revisited. EUI Working Papers RSCAS 2007/05. Florence: European University Institute, 2007.

Kelsen, Hans. General Theory of Law and State. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1949. Available from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.275060/page/n127

Klabbers, Jan. The Concept of Legal Personality. Ius Gentium. Legal Personality. Journal of the University of Baltimore Center for International and Comparative Law, 11, Spring 2005, 35–66.

Klabbers, Jan. An Introduction to International Institutional Law. Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Klabbers, Jan. Presumptive Personality: The European Union in International Law. In: International Law Aspects of the European Union. (Ed. by Koskenniemi, Martti). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1998, 231–253.

Leal–Arcas, Rafael. EU Legal Personality in Foreign Policy? Bepress Legal Series. Paper 1754, 2006. Available from: https://law.bepress.com/expresso/eps/1754/

Macleod, I., Hendry, I. D., Hyett, S. The External Relations of the European Communities. London: Clarendron, 1996.

Malanczuk, Peter. Akehurst’s Modern Introduction to International Law. 7th revised ed. London, etc.: Routledge, 1997.

Marchisio, Sergio. EU’s Membership in International Organizations. In: The European Union as an Actor in International Relations. (Ed. by Cannizzaro, Enzo). The Hague, etc.: Kluwer Law International, 2002.

Mathijsen, P. S. R. F. A Guide to European Union Law. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 1995.

Neuwahl, Nanette. Legal Personality of the European Union – International and Institutional Aspects. In: The European Union and the International Legal Order: Discord or Harmony. (Ed. by Kronenberger, Vincent). The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2001, 3–23.

Neuwahl, Nanette. A Partner with a Troubled Personality: EU Treaty-Making in Matters of CFSP and JHA after Amsterdam. European Foreign Affairs Review, 1998, 3, No 2, 177–195.

Paasivirta, Esa. The European Union: From an Aggregate of States to a Legal Person? The Hofstra Law & Policy Symposium, 2, 1997, 37–59.

Pliakos, Astéris. La nature juridique de l’Union européenne. Dans: Revue trimestrielle de droit européen, Paris: Sirey, Vol. 29, 1993, 187– 224.

Ruiter, Dick W. P. Legal Institutions. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

Schermers, Henry G., Blokker, Niels M. International Institutional Law. Unity Within Diversity. 4th revised ed. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2003.

Schoutheete, Philippe de, Andoura, Sami. The Legal Personality of the European Union. Studia Diplomatica, 2007, 60, No. 1, 1–9. Available from: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/5081654.pdf

Sellers, M. N. S. International Legal Personality. Ius Gentium. Legal Personality. Journal of the University of Baltimore Center for International and Comparative Law, 11, Spring 2005, 67–78.

Seyersted, Finn. Objective International Personality of Intergovernmental Organizations: Do Their Capacities Really Depend on the Conventions Establishing Them? S.l., 1963.

Wessel, Ramses A. Revisiting the International Legal Status of the EU. European Foreign Affairs Review, 5, 2000, 507–537.

Wessel, Ramses A. The Inside Looking Out: Consistency and Delimitation in EU External Relations. Common Market Law Review, 2000, 37, No 5, 1135–1171.

Zwaan, Jaap W de. The Legal Personality of the European Communities and the European Union. Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, 30, 1999, 75–113.