Фонетика и фонология

Абстракт

Настоящата студия прави преглед на теоретичните постановки и направления, подготвили зараждането на фонологията и белязали по-нататъшното и развитие. Първоначално тясно свързана с фонетиката, фонологията се еманципира от нея през периода на структурализма, което допринася за усъвършенстването на концептуалния и методологическия и апарат. Еманципирането и е последвано обаче от постепенното изолиране на двете науки, благоприятствано от наложилата се алгебрична, дедуктивна и генеративна визия за фонологията. Това изолиране води логично до зараждането на множество нелинейни херметични фонологични модели, затворени в собствения си абстрактен формализъм, чиято единствена връзка с извънезиковата действителност са честите препратки към понятия от физиката, астрономията, биологията и химията. Като реминисценции от лингвистиката през XIX в., смятана за естествена наука, тези метафори свидетелстват за един вид комплекс за малоценност по отношение на по-старите и зрели науки, от които фонетиката никога не се е отделяла.

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