The right of ownership as a full property right in rem
Keywords:
property right, fullness of property right, eading role of property right in relation to other property limited rights and legally protected factual states, bsorption of limited property rights by property right, positive and negative side of property right, easement on own property (own easement), merger of owner and holder of limited property right, condominium with mixed regime of its objects, estitution and non-restitution claim, owner – holder of own propertyAbstract
This study is devoted to one of the most essential characteristics of property right – its fullness. It is explained what the fullness of the property right is, stating that it is a kind of quantitative characteristic, which is in contrast with the limitation of other limited rights in rem. It is noted that the right to property is an expression of the possession of the thing and it is emphasized that its fullness is the legal-technical reflection of this fact. The practical implications of the fact that the right of ownership is a complete property right are examined. In particular, it is pointed out that, as a consequence of the fullness of the property right, its economic value (i.e. its valuability) corresponds to the value of the thing – as much as the thing is worth so is the property right. It is also outlined as a corollary that in spatial terms the property right extends over the whole thing, unlike what can be observed with other property rights. The principle that there can be only one property right in respect of a thing has been noted as an essential consequence of the property analysed. It is explained why, because of this principle, when a new right of ownership arises in respect of a thing, the pre-existing right should be terminated. As another consequence of the fullness of the right of ownership, the principle that ‘no one may have a limited right in rem over his own property’ is stated. Along with the above principles, two presumptions are analysed as presumptions arising from the fullness of the right of ownership. The first, that „until the contrary is proved, the right to property is presumed to be free from limitations“ and the second, that „every action which the owner takes with respect to his property is presumed to be an action arising from and based on his right to property.“ The genesis of these presumptions is traced and the practical dimensions with which they are associated are indicated.
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