Биокултурно разнообразие и съжителство човек-животно: наблюдения върху неаграрни ромски общности в дунавския регион

Иван Мурин; Иван Соучек

doi:10.60053/GSU.IF.1.108.230-254

Автори

Иван Мурин Университет Матей Бел
Иван Соучек Университет Матей Бел

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.60053/GSU.IF.1.108.230-254

Ключови думи :

съжителство, хора, животни, ромски общности, адаптация в неаграрна среда, съхранение на разнообразието

Абстракт

В исторически план неаграрните ромски/цигански общности в Европа често са влизали в разрез със социалните норми, акцентиращи върху привързаността към домакинството, към локалната среда и взаимозависимия начин на живот, които са характерни за адаптирането към стопанския поминък при уседналите общности. В периода 2020 – 2024 г. бе проведено теренно проучване на ромските махали Долинка (Словакия) и Махала (България) с цел да бъдат анализирани идентичността, функцията и паралелите между хора и животни по отношение на съжителството, възприемането и ефективното разпространение на малки ежедневни иновации. С помощта на тематични анкети бе оценен начинът, по който участниците в проучването от ромски произход интерпретират частичната адаптация към съжителството човек – животно в райони с основно селскостопански характер. Резултатите включват описание на данни и проучване на конкретни случаи, касаещи (1) съжителството на хора и животни, (2) традиционните функции и положително взаимодействие и (3) потенциал за унаследяване. Изследването предоставя количествени и качествени сведения за взаимоотношенията човек – животно, като показва, че културната идентичност на ромските общности се осмисля по сложен начин и играе важна роля в унаследяването и опазването на биокултурното разнообразие.

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